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DOCTOR'S CORNER

By Ryan Dunning, DVM

Obesity is one of if not the most common health problems affecting our companion animals.

Approximately 20 to 40 percent of dogs in the United States are considered overweight or obese. These dogs are living with an increased risk for a multitude of metabolic, orthopedic and endocrine diseases, as well as different types of cancers, heart and lung diseases.

Why are our dogs gaining so much weight? The answer is simple – because we love them. There are many reasons for weight gain, but overfeeding is far and away the most common cause in dogs. Many people fall victim to the big brown eyes of an adorable four-legged friend that claims to be starving to death 15 minutes after breakfast. Fido’s kibble is not the only source of calories each day, and many people fail to count the calories given in treats and table scraps. Ideally, dogs should be fed an appropriate measured amount twice daily.

Dogs are natural scavengers, and for that reason, it can be hard to find a dog that will pass up a treat. Minimizing such treats through the day, or finding alternatives such as green beans or carrots, is an easy way to decrease unnecessary calories. Eliminating table scraps altogether is another easy way to keep a slimmer waistline.

Overfeeding is not the only reason dogs can become overweight. Some breeds are more likely to become obese: Labradors, beagles, dachshunds and pugs are just a few to name. An inactive thyroid gland can also lead to lethargy and weight gain, and is diagnosed by a simple blood test.

Lack of exercise is another common issue leading to weight gain. Some type of exercise (walks, playing fetch, trips to the dog park, etc.) at least a few times a week is a necessary part of any weight management regimen. As with many health problems, prevention is key, as shedding pounds is much more difficult than keeping them off in the first place.

Consequences of obesity are varied and can be very serious if allowed to persist or go untreated. Arthritis is probably the most readily apparent problem that owners can identify. Weight gain places added stress in joints and muscles, coupled with inactivity that promotes further muscle loss and weakness. Excessive fat increases the stress placed on the heart and makes an animal work harder to breath. The liver is an organ that can become overloaded with fat and lead to improper liver function. All of these concerns, and others, are complications of obesity that can ultimately decrease a dog’s life span and overall quality of life.

If you feel that your pet may be overweight, please consult with your veterinarian for additional recommendations. Together you and your vet can set up a weight-loss plan to help your pet lead a healthier life.